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SDF-1 alpha/CXCL12 Protein, Mouse (Tag free)

MCE 站：SDF-1 alpha/CXCL12 Protein, Mouse (Tag free)

CXCL12 (基质细胞衍生因子-1，SDF-1) 是一种稳态趋化因子，可结合 CXCR4 和 CXCR7 受体，并在造血、白细胞运输、心脏发生和神经发生中发挥生理作用。CXCL12 在多个器官中组成型表达，包括肺、肝、骨骼肌、脑、肾、心脏、皮肤和骨髓。CXCL12 在神经和血管发育、造血、免疫和癌症中具有重要作用。CXCL12 Protein, Mouse 是在大肠杆菌中表达生产的，由 68 个氨基酸(K22-K89) 组成。

Synonyms: Cxcl12; Stromal cell-derived factor 1; SDF-1; 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate repressed protein 1; TPAR1; C-X-C motif chemokine 12; Pre-B cell growth-stimulating factor; PBSF; Thymic lymphoma cell-stimulating factor; TLSF; Sdf1

Species: Mouse

Source: E. coli

研究背景：CXCL12 (SDF-1), is a small protein that belongs to the chemokine family, whose members have a crucial role in directing cell migration. It is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues ａnd cell types. CXCL12 acts through two receptors, CXCR4 ａnd CXCR7. While the former is a classic G protein-coupled transmembrane chemokine receptor, the latter primarily function as a scavenger of CXCL12. CXCL12 is a chemoattractant for T-lymphocytes ａnd monocytes, but not neutrophils.
CXCL12 gene in human is located on chromosome 10 (10q11.21) ａnd recognizes seven isoforms deriving from alternative gene splicing (α, β, γ, δ, ε, θ) with α ａnd β being the most studied ａnd three (CXCL12α to γ) in mice. CXCL12 is described classically as a homing chemokine as it exhibits chemoattraction of tumoral cells toward the target tissues. CXCL12, although being homeostatic in classification, also takes inflammatory activities. CXCL12 binds to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) exposed on the surface of endothelial cells through a cluster of basic residues-the BBXB motif (B for basic amino acid ａnd X any amino acid) generating its chemotactic gradients ａnd promoting leukocyte/cancer cell migration. CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is involved in tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, ａnd survival. CXCR7 binds with high-affinity CXCL12 ａnd with lower-affinity CXCL11. Although CXCR7 acts as a CXCL12 scavenger through ligand internalization ａnd degradation, it transduces the signal mainly through β-arrestin with a pivotal role in endothelial ａnd neural cells. CXCL12 is constitutively expressed in several organs including lung, liver, skeletal muscle, brain, kidney, heart, skin, ａnd bone marrow. CXCL12 secretion is also associated with tissue damage such as heart infarct, limb ischemia, toxic liver damage, excessive bleeding, total body irradiation, ａnd after tissue damage related to chemotherapy. CXCR4 is expressed by endothelial cells ａnd pericytes of hypoxic, injured, or pathological tissues, including injured carotid arteries ａnd atherosclerotic plaques.
CXCL12 has been considered as a standard pro-inflammatory molecule for a long time, as it attracts leukocytes to inflammatory sites ａnd contributes to their activation. CXCL12 is very importantfor vascularization, hematopoiesis ａnd neuronal development, but also for HIV-infection ａnd cancer metastasis. CXCL12 plays a classic chemokine role in immune response by attracting activated, CXCR4+ T cells ａnd monocytes to the sites of inflammation. However, CXCL12 plays an anti-inflammatory role in neuroinflammatory demyelinating disorders ofthe CNS, i.e. inmultiple sclerosis (MS) ａnd its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In addition, CXCL12 targeting affects tumor primary growth, mesenchymal transition, ａnd migration but also shapes the tumor microenvironment (TME) toward immunoresponsive TME.

蛋白编号：P40224 (K22-K89)

基因 ID：20315

产品分类：细胞因子和生长因子  |  趋化因子  |  CXC 趋化因子  |  CXC 趋化因子配体 12

Categories：Cytokines ａnd Growth Factors  |  Chemokine & Receptors  |  CXC Chemokines  |  SDF-1/CXCL12

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