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TNF alpha protein, Human (His)

MCE 站：TNF alpha protein, Human (His)

肿瘤坏死因子 α (TNF alpha) 是一种有效的促炎细胞因子。TNF alpha 与其受体结合，主要是 TNFR1 和 TNFR2，然后传递信号以实现炎症和细胞死亡等生物学功能。TNF alpha 通过 TNFR2 受体激活 NF-κB 通路促进癌细胞生长、侵袭和转移，但抗 TNF-α 抗体能显着抑制结肠炎相关癌症 (CAC) 小鼠的肿瘤发展。TNF alpha 作为一种原神经原因子可激活 SAPK/JNK 通路，并能够促进神经元替代和脑修复以应对脑损伤。TNF alpha作为一种原神经原因子可激活SAPK/JNK通路，并能够促进神经元替代和脑修复以应对脑损伤。TNF alpha protein, Human (His)是一种由CHO细胞表达重组蛋白,其C末端带有His标签，由157个(V77-L233)氨基酸组成。

Synonyms: Tumor Necrosis Factor; Cachectin; TNF-Alpha; Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 2; TNF-a; TNF; TNFA; TNFSF2

Species: Human

Source: E. coli

Biological Activity: Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L-929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycinD. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.4678 pg/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 2.137×10⁹ units/mg.

研究背景：TNF alpha is produced by various types of cells including macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, T cells, ａnd NK-cells.
The amino acid sequence of human TNF alpha protein has low homology between mouse, rat, bovine, cynomolgus TNF alpha protein. While, human TNF alpha shares 94.85% aa sequence identity with cynomolgus TNF alpha protein, mouse TNF alpha shares 94.47% aa sequence identity with rat TNF alpha protein.
TNF alpha exists in two forms; a type II transmembrane protein (tmTNF-α) ａnd a mature soluble protein (sTNF-α). TNF-α binds to its receptors, mainly TNFR1 ａnd TNFR2, ａnd then transmits molecular signals for biological functions such as inflammation ａnd cell death. Both sTNF-α ａnd tmTNF-α activate TNFR1, ａnd process a death domain (DD) that interacts with the TNFR1-associated death domain (TRADD) adaptor protein. The TNFR2 signaling pathway is mainly activated by tmTNF-α. TNFR1 signaling tends to be pro-inflammatory ａnd apoptotic. TNFR2 results in NF-κB ａnd MAPKs ａnd AKT activation, TNFR2 activation is associated with homeostatic bioactivities such as tissue regeneration, cell proliferation, ａnd cell survival, as well as host defense ａnd inflammation.
TNF-alpha is critical for normal immune response, abnormal secretion TNF alpha activates synovial fibroblasts, keratinocytes, osteoclasts, induces rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriatic arthritis (PsA), ａnd noninfectious uveitis (NIU). TNF alpha positively regulates endogenous TNF-α expression levels independently of Pgp efflux activity, induces IHF cells proliferation. TNF alpha in tissues may promote cancer growth, invasion, ａnd metastasis. Besides, TNF alpha stimulates NF-κB pathway via TNFR2 ａnd anti-TNF-α MAb significantly suppresses the tumor development in colitis-associated cancer (CAC) mouse. TNF alpha as a proneurogenic factor activates the SAPK/JNK pathway ａnd can facilitate neuronal replacement ａnd brain repair in response to brain injury.

蛋白编号：P01375 (V77-L233)

基因 ID：7124

产品分类：细胞因子和生长因子  |  肿瘤坏死因子超家族  |  肿瘤坏死因子配体  |  肿瘤坏死因子-α  |  细胞因子和生长因子  |  神经营养因子  |  肿瘤坏死因子-α

Categories：Cytokines ａnd Growth Factors  |  TNF Superfamily  |  TNF Superfamily Ligands  |  TNF-alpha  |  Cytokines ａnd Growth Factors  |  Neurotrophic Factors  |  TNF-alpha

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